Leaf size might be a good predictor for maximal stomatal conductance

The relationship between maximal stomatal conductance and leaf traits in eight Southeast Asian early successional tree species

by Juhrbandt J., Leuschner C., Hölscher D. (2004)

Jana Juhrbandt, Christoph Leuschner, Dirk Hölscher,

Plant Ecology, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany

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In Forest Ecol Management 202: 245–256 – https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.07.021 –

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112704005389

Abstract

The large-scale conversion of tropical old-growth forests to other land use types may subsequently increase the area covered by secondary forests. These tropical secondary forests are dominated by early successional tree species that may have elevated stomatal conductances and transpirational water loss.

We studied eight abundant tree species of the tropical moist secondary forest in Sulawesi, Indonesia, for sun leaf stomatal conductance of water vapour (g_smax) in 4–7 m tall trees and related conductance to various leaf morphological (size, specific leaf area) and chemical parameters (nutrient contents, δ¹³C). g_smax showed a considerable variability among the eight coexisting early successional trees (393–734 mmol m⁻² s⁻¹). With a mean of 590 mmol m⁻² s⁻¹ it was more than twice as high as the maximal conductance reported for mature late-successional trees in tropical moist forests.

Among the tested leaf traits, g_smax showed the closest relation to leaf nitrogen per area and leaf size; g_smax was only weakly correlated to leaf nitrogen per unit dry mass; no correlation existed with leaf δ¹³C values and specific leaf area. A significant negative relationship existed between g_smax and leaf size, which could point at a reduction in leaf-specific hydraulic conductance of the leaf petiole in large leaves of tropical pioneer trees.

Thus, our data indicate that the early successional tree species studied in Sulawesi are characterized by a high but relatively heterogeneous water turn-over, and that leaf size might be a good predictor for maximal stomatal conductance.

Leaf size might be a good predictor for maximal stomatal conductance

The relationship between maximal stomatal conductance and leaf traits in eight Southeast Asian early successional tree species

by Juhrbandt J., Leuschner C., Hölscher D. (2004)

Jana Juhrbandt, Christoph Leuschner, Dirk Hölscher, ¹

Plant Ecology, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany

In Forest Ecol Manage 202: 245–256 – https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.07.021 –

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112704005389

Abstract

The large-scale conversion of tropical old-growth forests to other land use types may subsequently increase the area covered by secondary forests. These tropical secondary forests are dominated by early successional tree species that may have elevated stomatal conductances and transpirational water loss.

We studied eight abundant tree species of the tropical moist secondary forest in Sulawesi, Indonesia, for sun leaf stomatal conductance of water vapour (g_smax) in 4–7 m tall trees and related conductance to various leaf morphological (size, specific leaf area) and chemical parameters (nutrient contents, δ¹³C). g_smax showed a considerable variability among the eight coexisting early successional trees (393–734 mmol m⁻² s⁻¹). With a mean of 590 mmol m⁻² s⁻¹ it was more than twice as high as the maximal conductance reported for mature late-successional trees in tropical moist forests.

Among the tested leaf traits, g_smax showed the closest relation to leaf nitrogen per area and leaf size; g_smax was only weakly correlated to leaf nitrogen per unit dry mass; no correlation existed with leaf δ¹³C values and specific leaf area.

A significant negative relationship existed between g_smax and leaf size, which could point at a reduction in leaf-specific hydraulic conductance of the leaf petiole in large leaves of tropical pioneer trees.

Thus, our data indicate that the early successional tree species studied in Sulawesi are characterized by a high but relatively heterogeneous water turn-over, and that leaf size might be a good predictor for maximal stomatal conductance.

The occurrence of phenylphenalenone-type compounds in red paracytic stomata

Photo credit Google – Musa Acuminata Zebrina – Blood Banana – https://theplantsigrow.files.wordpress.com/2013/07/dscn0488.jpg

 

High resolution mass spectrometry imaging reveals the occurrence of phenylphenalenone-type compounds in red paracytic stomata and red epidermis tissue of Musa acuminata ssp. zebrina cv. ‘Rowe Red’

Hölscher D., Fuchser J., Knop K., Menezes R. C., Buerkert A., Svatoš A., Schubert U. S., Schneider B. (2015)

Dirk Hölscher, Jens Fuchser, Katrin Knop, Riya C. Menezes, Andreas Buerkert, Aleš Svatoš, Ulrich S. Schubert, Bernd Schneider

Dirk Hölscher, Organic Plant Production and Agroecosystems Research in the Tropics and Subtropics (OPATS), University of Kassel, Steinstr. 19, D-37213 Witzenhausen, Germany

Bernd Schneider, Research Group Biosynthesis/NMR, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany

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in Phytochemistry 116: 239-245 – DOI10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.04.010 –

https://www.infona.pl/resource/bwmeta1.element.elsevier-f9db20ee-ddee-3e71-9c04-77ea72e18231

Abstract

The banana epidermis and in particular their stomata are conducive sites for the penetration of pathogenic fungi which can severely limit global banana production. The red pseudostem of the ornamental banana Musa acuminata ssp. zebrina cv. ‘Rowe Red’ was used to study the chemical constituents of the epidermal cell layer using matrix-free laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometric imaging (LDI-FT-ICR-MSI).

The high resolution of this technique allowed phenylphenalenone-type compounds to be located in single plant cells. Some of these secondary metabolites were identified as constitutive compounds and found in specialized epidermal cells in banana pseudostem tissue.

Especially the red paracytic stomata revealed higher signal intensities of certain phenylphenalenones than normal epidermis cells. The ease of detection of polycyclic aromatic compounds on the cellular level is discussed with regard to future investigations of plant–pathogen interactions.